Learn how to talk about changes using makin and jadi lebih
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to IndonesianPod101.com This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 13 - The More Things Change, The More They Stay the Same in Indonesia. Eric here. |
| Fira: Halo! This is Fira. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about changes in Indonesian. The conversation takes place at a party. |
| Fira: It's between Sari and Lisa. |
| Eric: The speakers are friends, so they’ll use informal Indonesian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Lisa: Halo Sari, sudah lama enggak ketemu. Kamu datang sendirian? |
| Sari: Datang sama adik perempuan aku. Paling dia lagi ambil minuman. |
| Lisa: Ohhh.... Eh, sepertinya warna kulit kamu makin gelap ya.... |
| Sari: Oh kelihatan ya? padahal aku sudah pakai tabir surya terus loh. |
| Lisa: Ah kelihatannya jadi lebih manis kok, enggak usah khawatir. Ke mana saja liburan kemarin? |
| Sari: Minggu lalu aku baru pulang jalan-jalan ke Gold Coast sama suami. |
| Lisa: Oya? enak banget. Di sana lagi musim panas ya sekarang? |
| Sari: Iya. Tapi rasanya makin panas dibanding beberapa tahun yang lalu. |
| Lisa: Memang di mana-mana cuacanya sudah banyak berubah ya. |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Lisa: Hi Sari, long time no see. Are you just by yourself? |
| Sari: I came with my younger sister. She's most likely gone to grab a drink. |
| Lisa: Oh I see... Hey, seems like your skin is getting darker, isn't it... |
| Sari: Oh, does it show? Actually I've been wearing sunscreen all the time, you know. |
| Lisa: Ah, you’ve become more sweet-looking, don't worry. Where have you been for holiday recently? |
| Sari: I just got back from a trip to the Gold Coast with my husband last week. |
| Lisa: Really? That's so nice. Is it summer over there right now? |
| Sari: Yes it was. But it felt like it was much hotter than it was a few years ago. |
| Lisa: The weather everywhere has definitely changed a lot, right? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Fira, as far as I know, unlike Western people, many Indonesians avoid sun exposure, wear sunscreens, carry a parasol, and apply whitening products. |
| Fira: That’s true, and it’s because Indonesian people associate fair and white skin with beauty and see dark skin as undesirable and ugly. |
| Eric: That’s why there are a lot of ads that promote whitening or lightening products on Indonesian TV. In one ad, there was a girl who was insecure about her slightly tan skin, and she was introduced to a whitening product by someone who was more 'white' and attractive. She wore it daily, then a few panels showcased her change from tan to white over a few weeks. |
| Fira: Ah yes, and in the end she became more popular and managed to get a boyfriend. From January to October 2004, Unilever spent $14.6 million on TV advertising in Indonesia for just one of its skin-whitening brands, and this market is still growing rapidly. |
| Eric:So don’t be surprised if you see these ads, listeners! Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Fira: ketemu [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to meet |
| Fira: ketemu [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fira: ketemu [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Fira: kulit [natural native speed] |
| Eric: skin, peel of fruit |
| Fira: kulit [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fira: kulit [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Fira: warna [natural native speed] |
| Eric: color |
| Fira: warna [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fira: warna [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Fira: khawatir [natural native speed] |
| Eric: worry |
| Fira: khawatir [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fira: khawatir [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Fira: berubah [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to change |
| Fira: berubah [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fira: berubah [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Fira: lebih [natural native speed] |
| Eric: more, over |
| Fira: lebih [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fira: lebih [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Fira: makin [natural native speed] |
| Eric: increasingly, more |
| Fira: makin [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fira: makin [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Fira: dibanding [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to be compared |
| Fira: dibanding [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fira: dibanding [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Fira: padahal [natural native speed] |
| Eric: whereas, actually the case is, besides, although |
| Fira: padahal [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fira: padahal [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And last.. |
| Fira: gelap [natural native speed] |
| Eric: dark |
| Fira: gelap [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Fira: gelap [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Fira: enggak usah khawatir |
| Eric: which means “don't have to worry.” Fira, let’s break down this phrase to see the meaning of each word. |
| Fira: enggak is an informal way to say “no” in Indonesian. Usah means “to need to.” And khawatir means “worry” or “anxious.” |
| Eric: So it literally means “no need worry.” You can use this phrase in informal situations. |
| Fira: Right. In formal situations, just replace enggak with tidak to say “no.” You can also replace usah with perlu to say “to need” in a more polite form. |
| Eric: So, altogether, it will be... |
| Fira: tidak perlu khawatir or tidak usah khawatir. Listeners, please note that the words usah and perlu are interchangeable only in this phrase. |
| Eric: For example..? |
| Fira: Enggak usah khawatir, sebentar lagi pasti dia pulang. |
| Eric: ..which means “No need to worry, he will definitely be back soon.” Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Fira: rasanya makin panas |
| Eric: which means “it feels hotter.” |
| Fira: rasanya consists of the root word rasa meaning “feeling,” “taste,” or “sense” and the word makin which means “increasingly.” The word panas means “hot,” as in temperature. |
| Eric: You can use it in informal situations, when you feel that the temperature of something is increasingly hot. |
| Fira: Right. In more formal situations, we say rasanya semakin panas. For example.. Beberapa hari ini rasanya makin panas saja. |
| Eric: “These past couple of days have just felt hotter.” Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to discuss changes in Indonesian. To do this, you can use the following pattern… |
| Fira: Noun plus the word semakin or makin, meaning “more and more,” then the verb. |
| Eric: You can use it with such verbs as… |
| Fira: bertambah or meningkat |
| Eric: meaning “increasing” For example, you can say… |
| Fira: Jumlah peserta semakin bertambah. |
| Eric: “The number of participants is increasing.” |
| Fira: Harga cabai makin meningkat. |
| Eric: “The price of chili is increasing.” |
| Fira: berkurang |
| Eric: “diminishing” |
| Fira: menurun |
| Eric: “declining.” |
| Fira: Hari ini nasinya makin berkurang dibanding kemarin. |
| Eric: “The amount of rice is smaller than yesterday”. Fira, can we use this grammar pattern with adjectives? |
| Fira: In those cases you can say...noun plus semakin or makin plus adjective. You can also use the words menjadi lebih and jadi lebih, meaning “become more.” |
| Eric: Can you give us sample sentences? |
| Fira: Sure. Sepertinya dia semakin kurus. |
| Eric: “It seems like she is skinnier.” |
| Fira: Kelihatannya dia makin cantik saja. |
| Eric: “She’s looking prettier.” |
| Fira: Sudah lama tidak bertemu, rambut kamu semakin panjang sekarang. |
| Eric: “Long time no see, your hair is longer now.” As you know, changes can happen at different speeds. If you want to say that change is occurring slowly, you can use the word... |
| Fira: ...perlahan-lahan |
| Eric: meaning “slowly, gradually.” For example.. |
| Fira: Perlahan-lahan harga beras meningkat. |
| Eric: “Slowly the price of rice is increasing.” If you want to express that something happened suddenly, you can use the word.. |
| Fira: tiba-tiba. For example..Tiba-tiba kondisi kesehatannya semakin menurun. |
| Eric: “Suddenly her health condition is declining.” |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Fira: Sampai jumpa lagi! |
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