Learn how to use the superlative
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Damon: Hi everyone, Damon here! Welcome back to IndonesianPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1, Lesson 2 – Let’s Celebrate Over Dinner in Indonesia! |
| Fira: Hello! I'm Fira. |
| Damon: In this lesson, we’re going to talk about inviting someone for dinner. The conversation is between Andi and Lisa, two co-workers, who are having a conversation at the office. |
| Fira: Andi gets a promotion at work, aand to celebrate, he asks Lisa to have dinner with him. |
| Damon: And since they’re also friends they’ll be using informal Indonesian. |
| DIALOGUE |
| LISA: Andi, selamat atas promosimu! |
| ANDI: Makasih Lisa. Promosi ini tidak akan ada tanpa bantuanmu. |
| LISA: Kamu yang berperan paling besar. |
| ANDI: Ayo kita rayakan hal ini, kamu sudah punya acara hari Jumat sore ini? |
| LISA: Kalo Jumat sore aku belum ada acara. |
| ANDI: Bagaimana kalau makan malam dan nonton pertunjukan tari di Taman Ismail Marzuki. Aku jemput jam 6? |
| LISA: Kedengarannya oke. |
| Damon: Now, let's hear it with the English translation. |
| LISA: Andi, selamat atas promosimu! |
| DAMON: Andi, congratulations on your promotion! |
| ANDI: Makasih Lisa. Promosi ini tidak akan ada tanpa bantuanmu. |
| DAMON: Thanks Lisa. This promotion wouldn't have happened without your help. |
| LISA: Kamu yang berperan paling besar. |
| DAMON: You did the biggest part. |
| ANDI: Ayo kita rayakan hal ini, kamu sudah punya acara hari Jumat sore ini? |
| DAMON: Let's celebrate this, do you have any plans this Friday afternoon? |
| LISA: Kalo Jumat sore aku belum ada acara. |
| DAMON: Well, on that day I don't think I have any. |
| ANDI: Bagaimana kalau makan malam dan nonton pertunjukan tari di Taman Ismail Marzuki. Aku jemput jam 6? |
| DAMON: How about we have dinner and watch a dance performance at Taman Ismail Marzuki, I will pick you up at 6? |
| LISA: Kedengarannya oke. |
| DAMON: Sounds good. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Damon: So listeners, do you still remember the dialogue from our last lesson? Looks like the presentation Andi gave was a success! |
| Fira: Yes, and he got promoted as a result. And by the way, T.I.M. is an awesome art and cultural place. Great choice, Andi! |
| Damon: TIM? What is that? |
| Fira: It stands for Taman Ismail Marzuki, the place they’re going to watch a dance performance. |
| Damon: Ah! I see. They have a theater that holds dance performances, but also a cinema, a gallery, and an open air auditorium. |
| Fira: Right. So, it’s not only traditional art, but contemporary as well. It’s also attached to a planetarium, and the Jakarta Institute of the Arts. |
| Damon: Wow, sounds amazing. It must be packed full of people all the time. |
| Fira: Yeah, especially young people. And of course, there are a lot of great cafes and restaurants there. |
| Damon: That’s something to check out when you go to Indonesia. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Damon: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. The first word we shall see is... |
| Fira: salamat [natural native speed] |
| Damon: congratulations |
| Fira: salamat [slowly - broken down by syllable] salamat [natural native speed] |
| Damon: Next |
| Fira: tanpa [natural native speed] |
| Damon: without |
| Fira: tanpa [slowly - broken down by syllable] tanpa [natural native speed] |
| Damon: Next |
| Fira: bantuan [natural native speed] |
| Damon: help |
| Fira: bantuan [slowly - broken down by syllable] bantuan [natural native speed] |
| Damon: Next |
| Fira: rayakan [natural native speed] |
| Damon: celebrate |
| Fira: rayakan [slowly - broken down by syllable] rayakan [natural native speed] |
| Damon: Next |
| Fira: sore [natural native speed] |
| Damon: afternoon |
| Fira: sore [slowly - broken down by syllable] sore [natural native speed] |
| Damon: Next |
| Fira: nonton [natural native speed] |
| Damon: to watch |
| Fira: nonton [slowly - broken down by syllable] nonton [natural native speed] |
| Damon: Next |
| Fira: jamput [natural native speed] |
| Damon: to pick up |
| Fira: jamput [slowly - broken down by syllable] jamput [natural native speed] |
| Damon: And last... |
| Fira: Makasih. [natural native speed] |
| Damon: Thanks. |
| Fira: Makasih. [slowly - broken down by syllable] Makasih. [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Damon: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Fira: At one point Andi says, Promosi ini tidak akan ada tanpa bantuanmu. |
| Damon: ...meaning “This promotion wouldn’t have happened without your help.” |
| Fira: The word tanpa is a conjunction that can be translated as “without”, and it shows the importance of Lisa’s help. |
| Damon: Speaking of “help”, in this sentence the word is a noun, right? Can you break down the word to its root, and show us how to change its form? |
| Fira: Sure, it’s great that you remember this from the last lesson! “Help” in Indonesian is bantuan and its root is bantu. It can be added to the prefix mem- which gives you the verb membantu... |
| Damon: ...which means “to help”. |
| Fira: Exactly. Another example is bangunan, which means “building” and is a noun. Its root is ‘bangun’. By adding the prefix mem- to this, it will become the verb ‘membangun’, which means “to build”. |
| Damon: Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Damon: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use superlatives in Indonesian. Now, there are two ways of making a superlative from its modifier. |
| Fira: The first is by adding the prefix ter- to the modifier. And the second is by adding the word paling before the modifier. Then you’ll get the superlative. |
| Damon: And the second one means “the most”? Ok, that is really simple. How do you differentiate between the use of the two? |
| Fira: I’ll talk some more about both of the expressions. The prefix ter- usually goes before an adjective in its root form. For example, panjang changes to terpanjang. |
| Damon: In English, “long” changes to “the longest”. |
| Fira: Right. Next, pendek becomes terpendek. |
| Damon: “Short” becomes “the shortest”. |
| Fira: That’s great! And finally, murah and termurah. |
| Damon: For “cheap” and “the cheapest”. Ok, that’s easy enough to understand. And you usually use “the most” when a modifier already has a particle. |
| Fira: For example, bernilai, whose root is nilai, becomes paling bernilai. |
| Damon: And that would be the adjective “valuable” and the superlative “the most valuable”. |
| Fira: Another example would be mendebarkan, whose root word is debar. It becomes paling mendebarkan. |
| Damon: And these two mean “exciting” and “the most exciting”. It is quite simple! Are the two interchangeable? |
| Fira: Well, you can use paling for most superlative expressions, but you cannot use the prefix ter- with a modifier that already has a particle. |
| Damon: Can you give some examples of this? |
| Fira: Ok. Before, we talked about panjang changing to terpanjang, which again means “long” and “the longest”, but it can also be paling panjang to express the superlative. And while most of the time they are interchangeable, the word “sempurna” which means “perfect”, is an exception. To say “the most perfect” you say “paling sempurna”, never “tersempurna”. |
| Damon: That’s good to know. But honestly, if I were in Indonesia, I would just use paling for all superlatives so I don’t have to determine if the modifier is in its root form or not! |
| Fira: Well that is one way to go about it to avoid any confusion. But our listeners should try to use them all! |
| MARKETING PIECE |
| Fira: Listeners, can you understand Indonesian TV shows, movies or songs? |
| Damon: How about friends and loved ones’ conversations in Indonesian? |
| Fira: If you want to know what’s going on, we have a tool to help. |
| Damon: Line-by-line audio. |
| Fira: Listen to the lesson conversations Line-By-Line, and learn to understand natural Indonesian fast! |
| Damon: It’s simple really. |
| Fira: With a click of a button, listen to each line of the conversation. |
| Damon: Listen again and again, and tune your ear to natural Indonesian. |
| Fira: Rapidly understand natural Indonesian with this powerful tool. |
| Damon: Find this feature on the lesson page in the Lesson Materials section at IndonesianPod101.com. |
Outro |
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| Damon: There you have it, listeners. That’s all for this lesson! Thank you very much for staying with us, and keep practicing. |
| Fira: We hope you enjoyed our lesson and be sure to check the lesson notes to review what you’ve just learned! Sampai jumpa lagi! |
| Damon: Bye everyone! |
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